As Reported by World Breeding News in Their April 2025 Edition
On March 4, 2025 the United States enacted a 25% blanket tariff on all Canadian goods entering the country. While the measure has been tabled until April 2, if implemented, it will apply to purebred breeding and racing animals, including live horses, each time they cross the border.
Exporting mares for breeding to the US: If the mare was born (“originated”) in the US, the tariff does not apply. If the mare was (“originated”) in another country, the tariff applies and must be paid upon entry into the US. A “temporary” entry permit is available for 30 days from the day of crossing. This requires cash to secure a bond equal to the tariff value, and the owner must provide proof of the mare’s value. If the mare returns to Canada within 30 days, the owner can request a refund of the bond from the US Government. However, proof of re-entry – such as a border services date stamp – will be required. If the mare is accompanied by a foal born in Canada, the foal will also be subject to the 25% tariff, or require a separate “temporary entry” permit if returning to Canada within the 30-day period.
Horses for sale and racing: If the horse is intended to be sold in the US at auction or by private sale and was born in the US (“originated”) the tariff would not apply. If the horse was born (“originated”) in Canada, the tariff applies and must be paid upon entry into the US. A “temporary entry” permit is available for 30 days from the date of crossing, per above.
Importing into Canada: In response to the US tariffs, Canada has announced retaliatory tariffs affecting approximately $30 billion worth of goods imported into Canada. While the initial round of tariffs did not apply to purebred breeding and racing animals, including live horses, it is likely that future rounds may include such tariffs, mirroring those imposed by the US. The Ministry of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada has indicated that purebred breeding animals (including live horses) could be included in a second round of tariffs. How this will impact the breeding industry or horses travelling across the border for longer than the terms of the 30-day “temporary entry” permit, to participate in sporting events, remains to be seen.